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dd{margin:0;font-family:var(--font-display);font-size:1.18rem;line-height:1;text-align:right;color:var(--paper-card)}.about-bio{color:color-mix(in oklch,var(--paper-card) 82%,var(--cool));font-size:1.01rem;line-height:1.62;max-width:48ch}.about-bio strong{color:var(--paper-card);font-weight:700}.about-note{color:color-mix(in oklch,var(--paper-card) 54%,var(--cool));font-size:.84rem;line-height:1.55;border-top:1px solid color-mix(in oklch,var(--paper-card) 16%,transparent);padding-top:var(--space-md);margin-top:auto}.contact-layout{position:relative;z-index:2;display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,.9fr) minmax(320px,1.1fr);gap:clamp(2rem,6vw,6rem);align-items:center;width:100%}.contact-email{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;margin-top:var(--space-xl);color:var(--copper);font-family:var(--font-display);font-size:clamp(1.35rem,2.4vw,2rem);font-weight:600;letter-spacing:-.01em;line-height:1;text-decoration:none;border-bottom:2px solid color-mix(in oklch,var(--copper) 42%,transparent);padding-bottom:.18em;transition:color .18s ease,border-color .18s ease}.contact-email:hover{color:var(--copper-deep);border-bottom-color:var(--copper-deep)}.contact-notes{display:grid;gap:var(--space-xl)}.contact-notes .lab-note{display:grid;gap:var(--space-sm)}.contact-notes .lab-note p:not(.eyebrow){color:color-mix(in oklch,var(--ink) 86%,transparent);font-size:.98rem;line-height:1.62}.policy-rail{position:relative;z-index:2;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:var(--space-lg);margin-top:var(--space-2xl)}.policy-card{display:grid;gap:var(--space-sm);align-content:start}.policy-title{font-family:var(--font-display);font-size:clamp(1.05rem,1.6vw,1.35rem);font-weight:600;line-height:1.22;color:var(--ink)!important}.policy-card p:not(.eyebrow):not(.policy-title){color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:.96rem;line-height:1.65}.policy-card a{color:var(--copper-deep)}@media(max-width:860px){.policy-rail{grid-template-columns:1fr}.contact-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:var(--space-2xl)}}.hwt-note{position:relative;z-index:2;max-width:min(52rem,60vw);margin-top:var(--space-xl)}.hwt-note p:not(.eyebrow){color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:1.02rem;line-height:1.68}@media(max-width:720px){.hwt-note{max-width:none}}.privacy-body{display:block;width:auto;height:auto;max-height:none;padding:0;overflow:visible;background:transparent}.privacy-body h2{margin-top:1.9em;margin-bottom:.5em;font-size:clamp(1.4rem,2.4vw,1.85rem);color:var(--ink)}.privacy-body p{color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:1.05rem;line-height:1.75;margin-bottom:1em}.privacy-body a{color:var(--copper-deep)}.privacy-body a:hover{color:var(--copper)}.document-stage .concept-illu{width:min(100%,30rem);margin:.25em auto 2.25em;text-align:center}.document-stage .concept-illu img{width:min(100%,26rem);height:auto;margin:0 auto}.document-stage .concept-illu figcaption{margin-top:.7em;color:var(--muted);font-size:.92rem;font-style:italic;line-height:1.5}
